祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。它们通常以动词原形开头,并且常常省略主语(你/你们)。以下是一些祈使句的例子和构造方法:
肯定祈使句
直接以动词原形开头,例如:
Stand up.
Be quiet, please.
Study hard!
有时为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加上“Do”,例如:
Do sit down.
Do come early tomorrow.
否定祈使句
在动词前加上“Don't”,例如:
Don't touch the fire.
Don't be late.
Don't make such a noise.
有时也可以用“Never”来加强否定含义,例如:
Never smoke.
带有礼貌的祈使句
在句首或句尾加上“Please”,例如:
Please help me.
Go this way, please.
如果已经在句尾加了“Please”,通常在“Please”之前要加一个逗号“,”,例如:
Come here, please.
含有第二人称主语的祈使句
直接以动词原形开头,例如:
Be careful.
Don't make so much noise.
含有第一、第三人称主语的祈使句
使用“Let”开头,例如:
Let's go to the park.
Let him try again.
否定形式为“Don't let”加上宾语加动词原形,例如:
Don't let them play with fire.
疑问祈使句
以疑问词开头,例如:
Could you help me with this?
通过以上的例子和说明,你可以看到祈使句的构造主要依赖于动词的原形和适当的语气词或修饰词来表达不同的请求或命令。